From 1850 -1880 the government kept a mortality schedule taken on 1 June, covering the previous 12 months [i.e.: 1 June 1880 - 1 June 1879]
Info:
[1] name, sex, age, color, if widowed
[2] birthplace, birthplace of parents [1870-80]
[3] month of death
[4] occupation
[5] disease or cause of death, number of days ill
[6] where disease was contracted, length of residence at current place [1880]
1885 State Mortality for Colorado, Florida, Nebraska
States: AK, AR, CA, CO, CT, FL, IL, IA, KS, ME, MA, MI, MN, MT, NE, NH, NJ, OH, NC, PA, SC, TX, UT, VT, VA, WA, WI
Sunday, August 7, 2016
Saturday, August 6, 2016
1850-1880 Non-population Schedules
From 1850 to 1880 a record was kept for agricultural, manufacturing, social statistics and supplemental schedules.
States: AL, CA, CT, GA, IL, IA, KS, ME, MI, MN, NE, NY, NC, OH, PA, SC, TN, TX, VA, WA Terr.
Agricultural: lists farms, plantations, market gardens with the following:
[1] name of owner, agent, manager
[2] total acreage & value
[3] value of machinery, livestock
[4] amount of staples produced
[5] value of animals slaughtered
1880 - categorized by owner, tenant, sharecropper
Industry/manufacturing: manufacturing, fishing, mercantile, commercial, trading businesses listed with annual gross product over $500.
[1] corporation, company, industry, type of business
[2] capital investment
[3] quantity & value of resources used
[4] quantity of yearly production
[5] number hired
1870 - separated child and adult labor
1880 - companies were categorized
Social & supplemental
[1] cemetery facilities within city with maps, closures, etc.
[2] trade societies, lodges, clubs, etc.
[3] churches with history, membership by county
[see ancestry.com for more info]
States: AL, CA, CT, GA, IL, IA, KS, ME, MI, MN, NE, NY, NC, OH, PA, SC, TN, TX, VA, WA Terr.
Agricultural: lists farms, plantations, market gardens with the following:
[1] name of owner, agent, manager
[2] total acreage & value
[3] value of machinery, livestock
[4] amount of staples produced
[5] value of animals slaughtered
1880 - categorized by owner, tenant, sharecropper
Industry/manufacturing: manufacturing, fishing, mercantile, commercial, trading businesses listed with annual gross product over $500.
[1] corporation, company, industry, type of business
[2] capital investment
[3] quantity & value of resources used
[4] quantity of yearly production
[5] number hired
1870 - separated child and adult labor
1880 - companies were categorized
Social & supplemental
[1] cemetery facilities within city with maps, closures, etc.
[2] trade societies, lodges, clubs, etc.
[3] churches with history, membership by county
[see ancestry.com for more info]
Friday, August 5, 2016
1890 Veterans Census
A census of Union Civil War soldiers and widows was taken in 1890. The following information was recorded:
name of soldier, sailor, marine or widow - rank - regiment or vessel - date enlisted - date discharged - length of service - PO address - disability incurred - remarks
The following states are indexed on Ancestry.com: D.C., KY, LA, ME, MD, MA, MI, MN, MS, MO, MT, NE, NV, NH, NY, NJ, NM, NC, ND, OH, OK/IND TERR., OR, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VT, VA, WA, WV, WI, WY
Check your State Archives or Library for a Veterans' Census if your ancestor lived in the A-D states. For example: Indiana took an Enrollment of Soldiers, Widows and Orphans in 1886, 1890 and 1894. The same basis information is recorded as in the 1890 Vets' enumeration. [Card index at State Library; searchable by county & township at the State Archives]
I located my CW widow, Catherine Crail, in the 1886 Enrollment. Be aware of spelling errors! Catherine was indexed under 'Creal.'
name of soldier, sailor, marine or widow - rank - regiment or vessel - date enlisted - date discharged - length of service - PO address - disability incurred - remarks
The following states are indexed on Ancestry.com: D.C., KY, LA, ME, MD, MA, MI, MN, MS, MO, MT, NE, NV, NH, NY, NJ, NM, NC, ND, OH, OK/IND TERR., OR, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, UT, VT, VA, WA, WV, WI, WY
Check your State Archives or Library for a Veterans' Census if your ancestor lived in the A-D states. For example: Indiana took an Enrollment of Soldiers, Widows and Orphans in 1886, 1890 and 1894. The same basis information is recorded as in the 1890 Vets' enumeration. [Card index at State Library; searchable by county & township at the State Archives]
I located my CW widow, Catherine Crail, in the 1886 Enrollment. Be aware of spelling errors! Catherine was indexed under 'Creal.'
Thursday, August 4, 2016
1850-60 Slave Schedules
On 1 June 1850 & 1860, enumerators were to account for slaves in the following states:
Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North & South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia and, curiously enough, New Jersey.
Generally, only the number of slaves was recorded, but some enumerators recorded names.
Categories:
[1] age, sex, color
[2] name of owner
[3] if a fugitive from another state
[4] number of slaves manumitted [freed]
[5] if deaf, dumb, blind or idiotic
[6] number of house slaves [1860 only]
In some cases slaves were listed in family groups, but generally were listed eldest to youngest.
The number of slaves gave hint to the size of the owner's property. A large number of slaves suggested a plantation. 1-2 slaves might be a clue to a small farm or business.
Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North & South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia and, curiously enough, New Jersey.
Generally, only the number of slaves was recorded, but some enumerators recorded names.
Categories:
[1] age, sex, color
[2] name of owner
[3] if a fugitive from another state
[4] number of slaves manumitted [freed]
[5] if deaf, dumb, blind or idiotic
[6] number of house slaves [1860 only]
In some cases slaves were listed in family groups, but generally were listed eldest to youngest.
The number of slaves gave hint to the size of the owner's property. A large number of slaves suggested a plantation. 1-2 slaves might be a clue to a small farm or business.
Wednesday, August 3, 2016
Census Review
I am focusing on 1850-1940 with this review.
[1] 1900 introduces the month and year of birth - double check it! The info could be wrong.
[2] 1900 and a couple of others list children born/living. Check your list of kids to see if you overlooked anyone.
[3] Immigration status: Year of immigration may be wrong. [my gg-grandmother shows 3 different years. Foriegn women who married US citizens were granted citizenship, so avoided naturalization process.]
[4] Birthplace for individual & parents: It could vary from census to census. Foreign birthplaces could be general or specific [i.e.: Germany one year, Baden the next] You could also draw a blank or 'unknown.' Check all censuses available for the birthplace of your ancestor.
[5] Age at last birthday: Nobody lies about his/her age, right? Confirm! [Example: 23 in 1850, 28 in 1860, 32 in 1870.] If you don't know the month of birth, you might want to go with two years. [45 in 1850: could have been born in 1804 or 1805; put 1804/5 or c1804, c1805, etc.]
[6] Confirm that sons/saughters arenatural and not step. The records generally showed 'stepchild', but not always.
[7] Some stepkids were listed with stepfather's surname rather than thier birth surnames, make sure of relationships.
[8] Accuracy depended on who gave the info to the enumerator. If no one was at home, a neighbor might have been queried. Names, ages & other details given could be questionable.
[9] From year to year, names could vary. If a daughter was named Nancy, Nan, Nancy, Ann, Annie could have been given. Mary Louise could have been Mary in 1860, Louise in 1880 and Lou in 1900.
[10] For 1850-70, don't assume relationships based on order. Since no relationships are given, mistakes can easily be made. For one of my families, researchers had assumed that a spouse of one of the sons was a sister in 1850-60.
[11] Not everyone in the family is necessarily going to be at home.
[a] a child could have been apprenticed to a neighbor or married sibling.
[b] the mother might have moved in with a pregnant daughter to help out.
[c] the father or a son might have gone to find work elswhere, been in the military, etc. and
returned for the next census.
[12] Families may have been on the move or simply missed or left out by the enumerator. Look for them the next time around. [Then again, missing from three censuses?! My James & Mary Crail are noshows in 1850-60-70. Yeah, I know, old stry! :)-]
[13] Spelling can be an issue. Due to poor handwriting and sloppy indexing, people can be overlooked. Get creative with spelling. Look for unusual first names. Check known neighbors and relatives, in case they are there, but didn't get indexed. If your family was in, say, Kentucky in 1850 and Ohio in 1870, but missing in 1860, check Indiana.
Confirm all you find in the census, it ain't perfect!
[1] 1900 introduces the month and year of birth - double check it! The info could be wrong.
[2] 1900 and a couple of others list children born/living. Check your list of kids to see if you overlooked anyone.
[3] Immigration status: Year of immigration may be wrong. [my gg-grandmother shows 3 different years. Foriegn women who married US citizens were granted citizenship, so avoided naturalization process.]
[4] Birthplace for individual & parents: It could vary from census to census. Foreign birthplaces could be general or specific [i.e.: Germany one year, Baden the next] You could also draw a blank or 'unknown.' Check all censuses available for the birthplace of your ancestor.
[5] Age at last birthday: Nobody lies about his/her age, right? Confirm! [Example: 23 in 1850, 28 in 1860, 32 in 1870.] If you don't know the month of birth, you might want to go with two years. [45 in 1850: could have been born in 1804 or 1805; put 1804/5 or c1804, c1805, etc.]
[6] Confirm that sons/saughters arenatural and not step. The records generally showed 'stepchild', but not always.
[7] Some stepkids were listed with stepfather's surname rather than thier birth surnames, make sure of relationships.
[8] Accuracy depended on who gave the info to the enumerator. If no one was at home, a neighbor might have been queried. Names, ages & other details given could be questionable.
[9] From year to year, names could vary. If a daughter was named Nancy, Nan, Nancy, Ann, Annie could have been given. Mary Louise could have been Mary in 1860, Louise in 1880 and Lou in 1900.
[10] For 1850-70, don't assume relationships based on order. Since no relationships are given, mistakes can easily be made. For one of my families, researchers had assumed that a spouse of one of the sons was a sister in 1850-60.
[11] Not everyone in the family is necessarily going to be at home.
[a] a child could have been apprenticed to a neighbor or married sibling.
[b] the mother might have moved in with a pregnant daughter to help out.
[c] the father or a son might have gone to find work elswhere, been in the military, etc. and
returned for the next census.
[12] Families may have been on the move or simply missed or left out by the enumerator. Look for them the next time around. [Then again, missing from three censuses?! My James & Mary Crail are noshows in 1850-60-70. Yeah, I know, old stry! :)-]
[13] Spelling can be an issue. Due to poor handwriting and sloppy indexing, people can be overlooked. Get creative with spelling. Look for unusual first names. Check known neighbors and relatives, in case they are there, but didn't get indexed. If your family was in, say, Kentucky in 1850 and Ohio in 1870, but missing in 1860, check Indiana.
Confirm all you find in the census, it ain't perfect!
Tuesday, August 2, 2016
1940 census
Enumerated: 1 April
Categories:
[1] address
[2] home value, owned, rented
[3] person, relationship to head
[4] sex, race, age, marital status, education, birthplace
[5] citizenship
[6] residence on 1 April 1935
[7]employment status for those 14 & older
[8] occupation, number of weeks employed, income
Supplemental questions [may not be included for all on page]
[1] birthplace of parents
[2] natural language
[3] veteran status
[4] Social Security details
[5] occupation, industry, worker class
[6] women: number of marriages, age at 1st marriage, number of children
All US states & territories available
Categories:
[1] address
[2] home value, owned, rented
[3] person, relationship to head
[4] sex, race, age, marital status, education, birthplace
[5] citizenship
[6] residence on 1 April 1935
[7]employment status for those 14 & older
[8] occupation, number of weeks employed, income
Supplemental questions [may not be included for all on page]
[1] birthplace of parents
[2] natural language
[3] veteran status
[4] Social Security details
[5] occupation, industry, worker class
[6] women: number of marriages, age at 1st marriage, number of children
All US states & territories available
Monday, August 1, 2016
1930 Census
Enumerated: 2 April
Categories:
[1] address
[2] residence: owned, rented, value, if farm, if owned radio
[3] personal: sex, race, age, marital status, college attendance, can read & write, birthplace & parents' birthplace
[4] language spoken, year of immigration, if naturalized or alien, can speak English
[5] veteran, war served
[6] occupation, industry or business, worker class, if employed previous day
Servicemen enumerated at base
All US states and territories available
Categories:
[1] address
[2] residence: owned, rented, value, if farm, if owned radio
[3] personal: sex, race, age, marital status, college attendance, can read & write, birthplace & parents' birthplace
[4] language spoken, year of immigration, if naturalized or alien, can speak English
[5] veteran, war served
[6] occupation, industry or business, worker class, if employed previous day
Servicemen enumerated at base
All US states and territories available
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